Cholera Situation in Nigeria - Update

The Nigerian Centre for Disease Control has reported outbreaks of cholera in at least 16 states including include Bayelsa, Benue, Kogi, Sokoto, Gombe, Delta, Cross River, Kebbi, Nasarawa, Plateau, Bauchi, Kaduna, Zamfara, Kano, Niger and the FCT. So far, a total of 14,343 suspected cases with 325 deaths have been registered. However, the latest data (21 July) reports 521 deaths. A reported shortage of cholera vaccine is hampering control efforts.

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All travellers can minimize the risk of exposure to this disease. Strictly observe all food and water precautions in any area where there is cholera. If gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., vomiting and profuse watery diarrhoea) develop while visiting the affected area, travellers should seek medical care at once.

The U.K. National Travel Health Network and Centre recommends the oral cholera vaccine for some travellers whose activities or medical history put them at increased risk when travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. There is an increased risk of acquiring cholera for aid workers; for those going to areas of cholera outbreaks who have limited access to potable water and medical care; and for travellers for whom vaccination would be considered potentially beneficial, e.g., persons with chronic medical conditions.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the cholera vaccine for travellers who are 18-64 years of age and who plan to travel to areas of active cholera transmission. CDC notes that most travellers do not travel to areas of active cholera transmission and that safe food and water practices can prevent many cholera infections.